Examining four principles of Record Keeping

Analyzing four standards of Record Keeping In 2009 the Nursing and Midwifery Council (known as the NMC) gave overhauled rules entitled: Record Keeping: Guidance for Nurses and Midwifes (2009). As per this rule, appropriate quality records implies data should be neat; convenient; significant; reliable; open, objective; genuine and complete. This rule expresses that Good record keeping is a vital piece of nursing and maternity care practice, and is fundamental to the arrangement of protected and powerful consideration. (NMC 2009). This article will consider four of the standards from the NMC Record Keeping: Guidance and Midwifes (2009). Further, in view of these four standards, this article will concentrate on the effect on record keeping in a patients care plan and will at that point proceed to consider how great record keeping is kept up comparable to a patients care plan. References will be given on the side of the focuses made in this exposition and will likewise be comparative with what the author has seen by and by situat ions. At last, ends will be drawn which sums up the focuses identifying with this article and will think about the proof to reach on its determination. The primary point chose is point one which expresses that Handwriting ought to be neat (NMC 2009). Sokol D and Hettige S (2006) refering to Gakhar H, Sawant N, Pozo J. Review of the readability of activity notes. In: Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh Audit Symposium 2005. Edinburgh: RCS Ed, 2005 express that three specialists inspected the decipherability of 40 haphazardly chose employable notes from an orthopedic ward in an enormous British emergency clinic. Two attendants, two physiotherapists and two clinical house officials were solicited to rate the decipherability from the notes as brilliant, great, reasonable, or poor. Just 24% were evaluated great or great and 37% were considered poor. This examination recommends a high rate is the consequence of messy penmanship, which thusly could propose that care could be affected on in over 33% of the patients. McGeehan R (2007) refering to Griffith (2004) proposes that the standard of penmanship is additionally part of a medical ca retakers obligation of care towards patients. On the off chance that damage comes to pass for a patient since associates couldn't peruse a medical caretakers penmanship, at that point they might be blamed for risk in carelessness. It ought to be recollected that readability incorporates the mark of the individual creation the passage. McGeehan R (2007) refering to Griffith (2004). The author of this exposition, while on position, found indecipherable penmanship in the early long stretches of a sequence which framed piece of a patients record. This drove the author to look for explanation of what was expressed, a few words couldn't be perused and the first signatory had left numerous years prior, this was nevertheless one negative effect of indecipherable penmanship and luckily for this situation the sections where dated a couple of years back yet could have lead to issues at that point. Obscured penmanship on a consideration plan can give off an impression of being off base and thes e mistakes can prompt deferrals in doing the arrangement of care as indicated by the consideration plan alongside adding to blunders. Different effects are that prescription could be given mistakenly, individuals can make off base supposition, off base consideration could be executed and patients could get confounded and fomented by not having the option to peruse their consideration plan. Missteps made because of messy penmanship can have monetary and legitimate issues too. On the off chance that a case goes to court, at that point the main things took a gander at are the records, in the event that penmanship is obscured, at that point the author and their polished methodology can be disparaged from the beginning. Culley F( 2001) proposes that Once a propensity, it turns out to be natural to compose great, overflowing records. Nursing Residential Care, August 2001, Vol 3, No 8 refering to Chapman N (1997) A coroners see on the keeping of clinical records. Medicinal services Risk Re port April: 1 This recommends a positive effects of good record keeping in a patients care plan, if reliable it turns out to be natural and turns into a model to other people. A genuine case of this was seen by the author of this exposition on situation when their guide was exhibiting how they filled in certain areas, they could show that they generally filled in the subtleties a similar way reliably, it had become that natural to do it right. The point of good record keeping is to guarantee that partners have the data from the records to recognize what care and treatment has occurred, what is as of now occurring and the future consideration Dimond B (2005). A consideration plan ought to be readable for partners and the patient to be permitted to extricate this data effectively and this is impossible if not decipherable. Great decipherable penmanship should show a medical caretakers polished skill, individuals ought to have the option to obviously peruse what is composed, by whom an d when and the consideration plan ought to seem exact subsequently thusly improving the consideration of the patient. All together for readable penmanship to be kept up in a consideration plan, a consistency ought to be appeared. Genuine instances of care plans ought to take into consideration clarity, a list of marks toward the start of each care plan including name, position and your mark. In the event that uncertain about what any penmanship says a medical attendant ought to consistently look for lucidity. Feature any helpless penmanship or expected mistake because of indecipherable composition. The patient should feel great talking about indecipherable penmanship and medical attendants ought to support input without repercussions. Feature any marks that are not on the list. Twofold check anything you are uncertain about in a patients care plan. Customary review is basic to distinguish mistakes in record keeping and to keep up sensible norms Dimond B (2005) This recommends a revi ews ought to be done and that they can recognize at a previous stage any pattern of helpless record keeping and activity as needs be. The subsequent point chose is point five which expresses that records ought to be authentic and exclude superfluous shortened forms, language, trivial expressions or unessential hypothesis. (NMC 2009). Care plans are utilized not exclusively to speak with and work with the patients however to likewise permit staff to impart proficiently and record the consideration that has been done. It is thusly critical to utilize basic clear, real and pertinent data while recording data such that everybody gets it. Giving sheltered and excellent patient consideration is needy upon powerful correspondence between medicinal services experts, patients, and patients families. Schyve P M J Gen Intern Med. 2007 November; 22(Suppl 2): 360-361. Distributed online 2007 October 24. doi: 10.1007/s11606-007-0365-3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2078554/got to fourteenth Jan 2010. Data remembered for the consideration plan ought to be founded on the realities in question, models being, what was really observed, what really occurred. The distinction in certainty from an attendants assessment ought to be clear and recognized when data is recorded in a consideration plan. Numerous patients won't comprehend nurture language, condensing or specialized data written in their consideration plan. Griffith R (2007) states that the impulse to utilize language and shortenings as a type of expert shorthand is convincing for occupied wellbeing experts. The danger of miscommunication increments significantly by utilizing this shorthand. Griffith R Nurse Prescribing 2007 Vol 5 No 8 http://www.internurse.com.ezproxy.stir.ac.uk/cgi-canister/go.pl/library/article.cgi?uid=27147;article=NP_5_8_363_366 Accessed 19/01/10. The effect of this is it shows no restraint focused consideration and negates the NMC code which expresses that You should impart to individuals, in a way they comprehend, the data they need or need to think about their wellbeing NMC (2007). One attendants shortened forms may contrast from another and truncations ought to be dodged where conceivable yet in the event that essential a file of contractions ought to be provided to the patient and structure some portion of their consideration plan. A helpless case of this was seen by the compose of this exposition as of late on arrangement when NHS 24 sent a contact sheet to the situation to go to a patient; the contact sheet was loaded with shortened forms with no record included as an understudy nurture the author was unconscious of what a portion of these implied and needed to request help. A patient mentioning to see their notes would likewise endure a similar issue. Wood C (2003) states that to compose full portrayals would affect on the time taken to enter records. Be that as it may, he likewise features the perils where shortened forms could mean various things to patients and staff. This analyzes the contention that medical caretakers dont have the opportunity to finish precise records however prompts that a concurred list, which ought to be reviewed all the time be connected to the consideration plan. An authentic consideration plan that is written in a significant and effectively comprehended way that advances clear correspondence ought to be kept up. This at that point ought to permit others particularly the patient, to get up anytime and have the option to follow their consideration plan. The third point chose is point thirteen which expresses that the language that you use ought to be handily comprehended by the individuals in your consideration. NMC (2009). Every patient is novel with regards to language that they can comprehend; they each have their own degree of correspondence and comprehension. Cully F (2001) Suggests that in giving adequate data to permit patients to settle on educated choices is a basic segment of the obligation of care, and it bolsters the moral standards of distinction. This data should be given in a patients care plan in such a way, that there leaves no uncertainty to the patient. Dougherty L and Lister S (2008) Page 23 remark that care plans ought to be composed any place conceivable with the inclusion of the patient, in wording that they can comprehend including applicable center consideration designs that are individualized, marked, dated and planned This proposes composing the consideration plan with the patient permits them to pick up the data that they may require about thei

Terry Eagleton and Literature Theory free essay sample

Doing a polemical investigation of contemporary abstract hypothesis, Eagleton presents us in this world clarifying what is really fiction. a. Inventive thinking of One definition is that writing is innovative composition, in view of its fictionality and don't take part in the strict truth. Be that as it may, Eagleton rejects this hypothesis, since the writing additionally incorporates verifiable kinds, for example, article and life account. Recognizing fiction and actuality, or truth and dream is considered excessively disputable to us prompted an agreeable boundary. . The specific utilization of language According to this definition, writing is a specific utilization of language, which changes the normal language and makes it more grounded. Fiction has its laws, structures and techniques that ought to be considered and not a methods for transmitting thoughts, nor an impression of social reality. As such it was considering the Russian formalists, who dissected the substance as oppose d to shape, as the whole of the measures that the consolidated impact of deautomatization. Be that as it may, even this hypothesis isn't acceptable since it is required for typical deautomatization etymological foundation and comprehension of a work as writing relies upon the specific circumstance. . Unpragmatical type of talk Literary is the thing that no down to earth work, doesn't fill any need. Fiction becomes autoreferential language since it alludes to itself and isn't a fundamental truth of what it says, however the manner in which it is spoken. This definition is subsequently not objective since it relies upon how we read. It is additionally the functional issue of understanding the history and unpragmaticality is inalienable in the species which are not writing. . Great or loved composition To any abstract work should fall into the classification of magnificence just as generally acknowledged and regarded spellings. The issue is that the handwriting is hazy, ambiguous and one-sided idea. meaning of magnificence changes over various social orders and recorded perio ds. In this manner there is no artistic work that would be significant in itself in light of the fact that the estimation of impermanent fix. Eagleton infers that writing can never be objective since it depends on values that are established profound inside us. It is more than what individuals comprehend by this term, is firmly identified with the social belief system and suggests a political position. first The improvement of English as a scholarly subject In eighteenth century England is an artistic term grasping all types of composing esteemed y society and each work is assessed as for the principles (the ideological scale). Such huge numbers of works of writing today, have stayed outside these classes, and the other way around (l despite everything question whether the novel to go into this classification). Britain at that point came out of the war and reestablishing social request gets another writing of significance including various ideological establishments whose design is the spread of refinement of lead for the osmosis of the working class. Todays idea of writing was found in the sentimental period (nineteenth century). It started by the oetry and writing becomes. During this period goes to the ascent of present day style that acquire the ideas of images, tasteful experience and stylish congruity and the remarkable idea of the ancient rarity. Apparently the assessment of exploratory writing in itself, that his feeling of pointlessness. In the nineteenth century goes to an ideological emergency, confidence lost their job and replaces the English language and writing as a type of belief system that influences the emotions and encounters, and works at all social levels, and its reality, oppose sound clarification and in this way total. The primary figure of this period was Matthew Arnold who saw the need to develop a lower white collar class, finding that her fiction transmit virtues and stir national pride. English as a subject was presented first at specialized establishments and colleges working and thought about the case for people of lower class. It isn't considered especially requesting as for managing advanced feelings. In the long run she started to have progressively manly qualities and served for the enlivening of national personality (reasonable for his triumph over Germany in the first World War). Contenders for the English were not peer-beginners who worked the primary seat at Oxford and Camebridge, however they originated from the social class of dealers and skilled workers. The most huge was F. R. Leavis. His adherents restricted to the old belief system and underlined the significance of basic investigation and thorough consideration regarding perusing. 1932nd Scrutiny propelled a magazine, which is described by confidence in the significance of the ethical components of the crucial job of the English language and writing for the duration of the life of English society, and have along these lines made a development that the English transformed into a genuine order. Supported the elitism, which is really futile and unjustified, on the grounds that not all who are not all around familiar with writing approach Les Misâ ©rables and untamed life. Being an understudy of English in Camebridge late 20s and 30s intended to lead the most significant and important life. Leavses supporters trusted in the crucial Englishness of English language, which is moving the accentuation of the class inside the way of life and transformed into old stories. American New Criticism blossoms from 30s to 50s and incorporates crafted by Eliot, Richards, and Leavis Empson. As per them, verse is one potential arrangement misfortune f tangible wealth, and the expectations of the creator isn't pertinent for the translation of the content. Empson perceives that the significance of the content imperceptible and can not be diminished to the last understanding. second Phenomenology, hermeneutics, gathering hypothesis Husserl to his philosophical technique gives the name of phenomenology, which is the study of marvels, which looks at the subject until you persuade to it to be unchangeable. Phenomenological decrease to bar everything that isn't an innate mindfulness since we can not make certain of the presence of things autonomous of us. Puts man at the middle and toward the beginning (it is essential to me I experience things). Phenomenology is impacted by the Russian formalists. As Husserl places in brackets genuine article, so verse is truly beside the point and spotlights while in transit to his perceptions. The greatest effect was on the phenomenology of the Geneva school that tries to perusing that doesn't influence anything outside the content itself. Phenomenology of latently tolerating the content as a simple duplicate of its quintessence. the declaration of its inward importance. In this manner, his work is frequently called existentialist. He is person, that being on the planet individuals are Just on the grounds that we are onnected to other people and the material world. Human information is based and moves inside preontological comprehension of the fight preunderstanding (before you begin to think, yet we have gathered various presumptions by and by). Language is a measurement wherein human life happens, and workmanship is offense. Abstract understanding is the thing that we need to permit that to occur, we should remain to open the content that he tried us. Hirsch said that there might be a few diverse legitimate understandings, however all must move inside the common desires and probabilities. Work an essayist gives significance, reason and perusers. Which means goes before language, it is fixed and the thing is mindfulness, not words, has a place with the sole creator. For Gadamer the significance of an abstract work doesn't deplete the expectations of the creator and it isn't fixed and unchangeable, yet socially adapted. Recorded as a hard copy it is difficult to understand, on the grounds that every translation works from the past is the exchange of over a significant time span, in which the work get the importance which the creator didn't check. Hermeneutics contends that artistic works structure a natural entire and considers history to be a discourse of the past, present and future. The hypothesis of gathering is the most up to date type of hermeneutics that was created in Germany. It looks at the job of the peruser to the writing, which is new (so far is the historical backdrop of present day scholarly hypothesis was worried about the writer and content). Ingarden says that the work exists just when various plans or general rules that the peruser needs to make concrete. The peruser brings to crafted by the from the earlier method of getting, convictions and desires for the setting inside which evaluates the different highlights of the work, which can be changed by entering new data. Iser, an individual from the school gathering style, says that the requirement for perusing information on abstract strategies and shows to which the work talk, comprehend the code works. The best is the work that the peruser be another basic familiarity with the built up codes. Perusing techniques we change the content and the content changes us. The purpose of perusing is simply the enlivening cognizance of perusers and basic vision of his own character. Any individual who has a solid ideological responsibility, there will be a decent peruser, on the grounds that it won't be open transformative effect of the work. Differentiating Isere, Barthes present day content looks for the obliteration of the harsh arrangement of thought Modern content subvert the perusers social character. Sartre says that each abstract content is based on understanding the potential crowd, or a particular sort of peruser is now remembered for the demonstration of composing. Fish acknowledges the presumption that there is a target work of fiction, yet that is a genuine author, the peruser works is the entirety of all past and future reasoning. Perusing isn't uncovering the significance, yet information on how the content takes a shot at us. Eagleton says that importance isn't set, yet cap the peruser has a functioning job in finding meaning. There is no absolutely abstract reaction to the work, all responses are profoundly inserted in the peruser as a recorded and social being. third Structuralism and semiotics Frye accepts that writing works as indicated by certain target laws that pundits categ

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1. What did you find generally fascinating in the presentation? Why? (pp. 1-4) ï‚ § Reading the presentation was an incredible encounter. These disclosures can answer a significant number of our present environment and endurance. From one point the peruser can find out about human culture 27,000 years back, when people began to move from East Africa to different pieces of the world. People in the time were trackers and accumulates depending on food. This technique required a basic and quick coordination among each gathering of people that pursued and assembled. So families depended on a little bit of youngsters to make a trip starting with one spot then onto the next, without hindering the gathering. Kids were extremely significant yet an enormous number couldn't bolster families in light of relocation and endurance. In any case, with the innovation of farming youngsters were off more significance to human advancement. Youngsters offered noteworthy help to families that inexorably depended on developing their own food. As a peruser I saw this as truly intrig uing. Without farming our present society would not be as large as it is currently, and without youngsters we as an animal groups would have been wiped out in light of the absence of assets. It is intriguing that agribusiness can likewise improve populace and bolster the very establishment of development. Without farming our general public would not be here, and with that I would not be conveying or in any event, composing this paper. 2. What is particular about mankind and separates them from the individuals who went before them? (pp. 5-6) ï‚ § â€Å"Human creatures can control object reasonably promptly in light of the hold gave by an opposable thumb on each hand. Contrasted with different primates, individuals have a moderately high and normal sexual drive, which helps propagation; being omnivores, they ... ..., man centric framework, and Ã' ªatal Hã ¼yã ¼k. Paleolithic a) Paleolithic is alluding to the Old Stone Age, when individuals made weapons and harsh apparatuses out of stone. (Stearns 6) Mesolithic b) Mesolithic is the Middle Stone Age the period among Paleolithic and the Neolithic timespan. (Stearns 8) Neolithic unrest c) Neolithic unrest was the start of the horticultural insurgency or the improvement of agribusiness. (Stearns 11) Male centric framework d) Patriarchal framework was a term that agrarian social orders used to underscore the predominance of men over women.(Stearns 13) Catal Huyuk e) Catal Huyuk was a Neolithic town or first evident urban areas that was situated in southern Turkey and had a land mass of 32 sections of land. Described with completely created farming, exchange, sanctuaries, and mud-block houses with windows, and mother figure goddess. (Stearns 15)

Seldens Diana - Literature Essay Samples

One of the tragedies in The House of Mirth by Edith Wharton is that Lily Bart is unable to marry Laurence Selden and thereby secure a safe position in society. Their relationship fluctuates from casual intimacy to outright love depending on how and where Selden perceives Lily. Selden sees a beautious quality in Lily Bart that is not present in any of the other women in the novel. This mysterious beauty that is so often alluded to, in addition to her attraction for the other men, is best understood when Lily is conceived of as the goddess Diana. As Diana, Lily Bart hunts for the perfect husband but cannot marry, remains separate from the dinginess of society, and finally is crushed by a remorseless rejection that can even destroy a goddess.Diana, the goddess of the hunt and of maidenhood, perfectly combines the traits that Lily Bart exhibits. Although never explicitly connected with the goddess, Whartons first description of Lily notes her wild-wood grace and sylvan freedom:She paused before the mantelpiece, studying herself in the mirror while she adjusted her veil. The attitude revealed the long slope of her slender sides, which gave a kind of wild-wood grace to her outline, as though she were a captured dryad subdued to the conventions of the drawing-room; and Selden reflected that it was the same streak of sylvan freedom in her nature that lent such savour to her artificiality (15).Not only the description invokes the image of Diana, but also Lilys name. The lily-of-the-valley is Dianas flower. Lily Bart later chooses to wear a plain white dress for her part in the Reynolds painting, thereby choosing the color of Diana. All of the scenes where Selden grows closer to Lily thus occur in the woods, indicating that he can perceive her Diana-like qualities when she is in her natural habitat. Even at the very beginning of the novel, we notice that Lily chooses Seldens street because it is the only street that has trees on it, some one has had the humanity to plant a few trees over there. Let us go into the shade (8). The most intimate conversation between them will occur while sitting in a beech grove after having walked through the woods. It is therefore safe to say that when Lily is in the woods her true nature emerges, the nature that Selden considers to be real and that he falls in love with. This explains why, during the theatrical presentation at the Wellington Brys party, Selden is so deeply affected by the portrait of Lily. She emerges wearing a white dress as part of a Reynolds painting, Mrs. Lloyd, but captivates the audience with her naturalness: Her pale draperies and the background of foliage against which she stood served only to relieve the long dryad-like curves that swept upward from her poised foot to her lifted arm (142). Again we see a direct comparison with Diana. Selden is so taken in by this scene that he completely agrees with Gerty Farish when she says, It makes her look like the real Lily the Lily I know ( 142). His love for Lily is strengthened by the fact that he and Gerty are the only two people who know what Lily really is like. Selden watches the other men judging Lily, and shares a his thoughts with the reader, making the beautiful analogy of Caliban judging Miranda. Seldens attraction to Lily is based on two conflicting perceptions: as Diana, Lily is firstly unattainable, and second, her affiliation to nature makes her most desirable when she is in her virgin element. The flirtations between the two characters seem to indicate that both are intimately aware of this paradox. Their walk through the woods culminates in an enigmatic exchange of emotions that can only be understood if Selden is aware that Lily will never marry. She asks him, Do you want to marry me?, to which he replies, No, I dont want to but perhaps I should if you did! (77). Selden, aware he cannot marry her, restrains his love for her and indicates that he would love her if she were able to marry him. In spite of his knowledge that Lily cannot marry, Selden makes the mistake of thinking she will. After her Reynolds scene at the Wellington Brys party, he sneaks Lily off to the garden in order to again view her with foliage around her, culminating in the only act of sexual exchange in the novel, a kiss. She hardly noticed where Selden was leading her till they passed through a glass doorway at the end of the long suite of rooms and stood suddenly in the fragrant hush of a garden. Gravel grated beneath their feet, and about them was the transparent dimness of a midsummer night. Hanging lights made emerald caverns in the depths of foliage and whitened the spray of a fountain falling among lilies (144). This is Seldens way of putting Lily back into the painting, now among lilies, and it allows him to view her in her pure god-like state. Unfortunately for Selden, Lily soon turns away from him with the cry, Ah, love me, love me but dont tell me so! (145). It is fine for him to love h er, but he can never win her. This characteristic trait of running away will affect her relationships with all the other suitors in the novel. Lilys paradoxical behavior towards all the men wooing her is thus explained by the parallels between her and Diana. In the same way Diana represents the goddess of the hunt but simultaneously is the goddess of virgins, Lily will hunt for eligible men to marry yet never actually marry them. That Lily is hunting the men is made clear in the second chapter with Percy Gryce, and later in her conversation with Mrs. Trenor: Why dont you say it Judy? I have the reputation of being on the hunt for a rich husband? (49). She is incredibly successful as well, getting every single eligible man (and even one ineligible man) to propose to her. However, in spite of her success, Lily is unable to commit to any of them. She indulges in a walk with Selden that ruins her chances with Percy Gryce. Later, while trying to choose between Rosedale and George Dorset , she rejects both of them by either literally running away or by mentally running away. As Diana, Lilys main motivation for not using the letters against Bertha Dorset is no longer a moral one, but rather one of marriage. Lily Bart has frequently been interpreted as the most moral character in a world of corrupt and shameless individuals who slowly destroy her. Her decline at the end of the novel is frequently explained as being the result of her high morals, morals that prevent her from using her letters against Bertha Dorset. However, this explanation fails on two points: can we really accept that Lily is the most moral character when she participates in the society as much as anyone else, and are morals enough to justify her failure to use the letters? It is inconceivable that a woman as intimately aware of the social codes as Lily is would not bring herself to attack Bertha Dorset as soon as possible. Furthermore, viewing Lily as the moral heroine of the novel first requires th at her actions live up to such a label. This is difficult to justify given that she lies to Rosedale already in the first chapter, and by the next chapter we see that her interest in Americana is motivated purely so that she can win Percy Gryce. Later on, Lily is perfectly happy to be on the Dorset yacht, fully aware that she is there to distract Mr. Dorset away from his wifes infidelities. Thus, the only major piece of evidence that could place Lily on a moral high ground relative to the other characters is her failure to use the letters. However, this can be better explained as resulting from her innate inability to marry rather than from any altruistic tendencies. She is twice tempted to make use of the letters, first by George Dorset and then by Rosedale, and both times rejects using them only when marriage is hinted at. Thus, when Lily meets George Dorset along the country lane, she indicates that she is being sorely tempted to consider marrying him, and it is this temptation t hat causes her to reject him. Her encounter with Rosedale progresses along similar lines. And it was not, after the first moment, the horror of the idea [to use the letters against Bertha Dorset] that held her spell-bound, subdued to [Rosedales] will; it was rather its subtle affinity to her own inmost cravings. He would marry her tomorrow if she could regain Bertha Dorsets friendship (268). Lily seriously contemplates Rosedales proposed course of action until he goes on to say: You cant put the thing through without me; and here I am, ready to lift you out of ÂÅ'em tomorrow if you say so. Do you say so, Miss Lily? (269). As Rosedale moves closer to her, Lily panics and jumps away from him, immediately disavowing the entire plan. Thus it is her inability to marry, not morals, that causes her to ultimately reject both Rosedale and Dorset. Lilys inability to marry allows her to be elevated above the mediocre society that she struggles to join. Wharton cleverly places Lily above the m embers of the elite New York society by describing her as Diana. As the only figure equated with one of the gods, Lily is able to remain somewhat distinguishable from the other, base characters. The story would be boring if she were the same as Bertha Dorset. Lilys charm is that she seems to be fighting to enter the society and yet remains aloof from it. In order to accomplish this sense of distinction, Wharton cannot allow her heroine to marry. Were Lily to enter into a union with any of the men that are interested in her, she would lose the sylvan freedom that Selden so admires in her. Marriage represents a way of dragging a woman into society, and in the process it destroys the very part of her that is aloof from the society, her individuality. Rosedale expresses this when he tells Lily, with a big backing behind you, youll keep her just where you want her to be (269). In other words, by marrying Rosedale, Lily is forced to become the same kind of person that Bertha Dorset is, an d she loses her separate identity in the process. The irony here is that marriage serves as an escape route for all the other young women except Lily, and in fact tends to lend them more freedom. Gwen Van Osburgh is the best example of this. After she marries Jack Stepney, her entire attitude towards life changes. But [Stepneys] wife, to his surprise and discomfiture, had developed an earth-shaking fastness of gait which left him trailing breathlessly in her wake (192). We are given to understand that free from the Van Osburgh code of conduct, Gwen now is able to do what she wants to. Lily, however, does not fit this mold. Having not been brought up with a strict family code, she has developed a freedom that would be destroyed by marriage. In this way Lily is ironically forced to flee from marriage in order to be free. The House of Mirth is a biting social analysis that Wharton brilliantly interprets through Lilys downfall. Seldens unrealized love for Lily Bart hinges on his realiz ation that it is her Diana-like qualities that set her apart; yet it is this same distinct quality that will bring about her demise. Lilys inability to resurrect her reputation and use the letters against Bertha Dorset is intimately tied to her inability to marry; her pattern of running away from each man that proposes to her plunges her into a downward spiral from which she cannot recover. It is not morals, but rather her qualities as the virgin goddess that ultimately doom her. By making Lily into a form of Diana, Wharton is able to condemn her society even more fiercely. She shows us that the society Lily lives in has the ability to destroy even a goddess.Works CitedWharton, Edith. The House of Mirth. Signet Classic: New York. 1964.

Conflict Can Reveal Unexpected Qualities in an Individual

Conflict can reveal unexpected qualities in an individual. Philosopher Emerson once said â€Å"every coin has two sides; so do conflicts†. In the pages of human history, conflicts are unavoidable and while major conflicts such as war have been evil forces in the world it can also produce very positive results. That is not to say conflict is entirely positive. When conflict arises there are those individuals that show unexpected qualities; those assets that are sudden and unforseen. These assets can be seen in the movie The Sapphires through the character Dave and on a global scale through Mandela. Unfortunately there are also those individuals who in the midst of conflict express unexpected negative traits. This can be seen through the†¦show more content†¦This can also be seen in the individual Seung-Hui Cho. Similarly Seung-Hui Cho shows unexpected failings during conflict. When a situation is perceived as a threat, our bodies instinctively prepare us to either stay and fight or run away. A person can go through most of their life without encountering a conflict large enough to bring out these qualities, so when one does arise, these qualities can be seen to be unexpected. A perfect example of this is The Virginian Tech Massacre. Seung-Hui Cho killed 32 people and then himself in the worst mass shooting in U.S history. The attack was seen as completely unexpected, as he was perceived as a quiet unassuming boy. It was later revealed, however, that he had been bullied by fellow students and mocked for his shyness and for the way he spoke. The conflict he faced every day through constant taunting leads him to act in an appalling and horrific way. There is no general response for individuals when it comes to conflict. Everyone responds differently and therefore express different positive qualities or negative traits. When conflict arises there are individuals who reveal qualities previously unseen that benefit themselves and usually others. There are also those who reveal undesirable attributes that strain and disconnect relationships. Ultimately, we will never how an individual will respond to conflict untilShow MoreRelatedEast of Eden986 Words   |  4 Pagesreading the novel, I had to juggle several different story lines following the Trask and Hamilton families, as well as connect and relate to those of individual characters. The complex characters and plot, while difficult to fully understand, prompted me to immerse myself in the story. Despite the challenges East of Eden presented, Steinbeck’s use of unexpected characterization, evocative imagery, and powerful allegory required me to rethink previous ideas and ga ve me insight into human nature. 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The Pathetic Fallacy in Camus’ the Stranger and...

The Pathetic Fallacy in Camus’ The Stranger and Yoshimoto’s Kitchen English A1 – Higher Level World Literature Paper 1 Ojiugo Nneoma UCHE Candidate Number: 1415-068 1480 Words May 2010 In Camus’ The Stranger, and Yoshimoto’s Kitchen, both authors use the literary technique of pathetic fallacy – a branch of personification – which gives to the weather and physical world, human attributes. In both texts, this technique enriches the narratives both aesthetically and in terms of meaning – by telling the inner emotions of the characters. However, while in Kitchen, the pathetic fallacy is employed throughout the text, in The Stranger, it takes centre stage only at the most crucial point in the book – with Meursault, the protagonist killing†¦show more content†¦The â€Å"glittering† night in this case is thankfully left alone to ring with all its positive connotations; without the show – spoiling, depressing adjective â€Å"lonely†(6) or its companions. With the reoccurrence of death, loss and with them, sorrow, Mikage says: â€Å"I watched the gloomy clouds of the orange of the sunset spreading acro ss them in the western sky. Soon, the cold night would descend and fill the hollow in my heart† (56). Scenery which in better circumstances would have been a beautiful sunshine and the coming of a peaceful night, become â€Å"gloomy† and â€Å"cold.† Thus, the â€Å"spreading† and â€Å"descen[t]† are not really of the sunset, or of the night, but of the sorrow that comes with loss. With the reappearance of hope in the final cycle, the pathetic fallacy is both a reflection on the past, as well as an evidence of tenacious hope. Mikage says: â€Å"The moon shone down from high above, crossing the sky, erasing the stars in its path. It was full. I watched it go behind a cloud, completely hidden, and re-emerge† (94). Stars usually have a positive connotation as they hold light in the sea of the night’s darkness However, in this scene, there is a seeming contradiction as they are â€Å"eras[ed]† (96). This is however merely †˜seeming’ because with the full moon, an atmosphere more positive than that of stars in a dark night is created. The moon leaves a bright

Aboriginals and Torres Strait Islanders of Australia

Question: Describe about the Aboriginals and Torres Strait Islanders of Australia. Answer: Part A: a) The Aboriginals, like Brad now is suffering from social exclusion, police arrest and harassment by the police. He is also addicted to alcohol and drug. However, he is unwilling to take any help from the government. Being Aborigines by origin, he has been removed from his land, family and culture in an early age. Land, family and culture is of immense importance to Brad and other the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island people. Social structuring in the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island people is based on the relationships between people. This structuring is also termed as kinship system (Attwood et al. 2015). A composite kinship exists where each member of the tribe is related to every other member of the group. In the kinship system, each person is named in accordance to the relation to the one another. Aboriginal had been moved to missionaries where they were not allowed to speak their own languages and follow their cultural practices. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island folks were forcefully removed from their traditional land and from hunting and gathering of foods (Beresford, Partington and Gower 2012). Brad is also among them who have been forcefully removed from his land and family. The Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island people, like Brad, still live under poor socio-economic conditions including homelessness and poverty. Adverse government policies have Brad avert to take help from governmental organizations (Beresford, Partington and Gower 2012). b) The Aboriginal culture is very different from the culture of an average Australian. A caseworker should be aware of his own culture which is dormant within himself. Aboriginal culture is very different from the set of culture that is followed by an average Australian. Awareness about the culture of the average Australian and aboriginal culture will help to serve better service towards Brad. A direct eye contact is polite according to an average Australian but interpreted as admonishing in the Aboriginal society. Language again shows the difference in culture. An aboriginal like Brad often tend to say yes to questions they are unable to interpret the meaning. Again, the Aboriginals maintain direct link between abstract and concrete reality. This link often get reflected in their thought process. However, an average Australian culture shows no such link between the abstract and the real world. Each language uses its own metaphors and imagery, which cannot be translated to other lang uages. This leaves space for miscommunication (Geia, Hayes and Usher 2013). According to Aboriginal culture, it is considered impolite to contradict directly the proposition of the speaker. Thus, some Aboriginal clients including Brad respond in accordance to what the speaker wants to hear. Shyness is another factor which keep Brad including other Aboriginal to remain silent even in pain. c) Knowledge about the history, language and culture of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island community helps a caseworker to provide support to Brad. Brad, who belongs to the Aboriginal community is depressed and under the influence of drug. Addressing Brads problems with cultural competence would increase acceptability of the services provided. A service that will help to build clinical and therapeutic relationship with Brad might help him. Adopting strategies that are culturally compatible to Brad will help him. A non-traditional way of providing service to Brad might help him to overcome his depressions and poor mental health (Brimblecombe et al. 2014). 2: Brad is an Indigenous client of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island community. Aboriginal family and the kinship system are the main forces that bind the Aboriginal people together. This supports them both psychologically and emotionally. An aboriginal caseworker, being a part of the aboriginal community, works with the clients even after working hours. Sometimes they feel obligated to share their resources with the members of the Aboriginal family. As an Aboriginal caseworker, one should understand the concept of the kinship structure in the Aboriginal tribes. The traditional structure of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island people including Brad is different from the family structure of the Western world (Browne-Yung et al. 2013). Aboriginal people respect their elders and their experiences. A good link with the representatives of the Aboriginal community not only creates referrals for the families but also enhances accessibility (Burridge 2014). A caseworker needs to und erstand the effect of Government policies and thus remove the misconceptions of the community. 3: The two key organizations that can help Brad and the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island community are discussed below: Secretariat of National Aboriginal and Islander Child Care (SNAICC) is a non-governmental and national childcare body of Australia, that takes care of the interest of the Aboriginal children and their families. The organizations functionality include crches, child-care service, pre-school and early child-hood education, family-support services and family group homes (Clendinnen 2012). The objective of the organization is to early childhood development in Aboriginal society. It also works towards elimination of poverty among Aboriginals and help them to confront poverty. They also promote awareness among the public to protect the Torres Strait Island children from being removed from their families forcibly. In our context, the client, Brad, has been removed forcefully from his family and community right in his childhood. The Healing Foundation is an independent organization that works for the aboriginals. The aim of this program is to ensure that to build cultural strength and develop skills of the workers (Dudgeon, Milroy and Walker 2014). The healing programmes include education and training to the children to build a workforce within the community. Brad is now under the influence of drugs and alcohol. Healing Foundation can also help Brad to get out of such hazardous health conditions and help him to lead normal life. 4: While considering the plight of the Aboriginal community, Brad, it is important to understand the framework of the Australian Aboriginal history. In the post colonization period the population has declined rapidly and by 1920s the number fell to 60,000. Hence, European colonization had a far-reaching effect on the Aboriginal society. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people were forced to move from their traditional land and from hunting and gathering of foods. Brad is also among them who have been forcefully removed from his land and family. Resistance to such activity gave rise to violence. Many Aboriginal had been moved to missionaries where they were not allowed to speak their own languages and follow their cultural practices. Laws were enacted to separate the Aboriginals and Torres Strait Islander people from other Australians (Duthie, King and Mays 2014). These laws also restricted the rights provided to Brad. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island workers were also prevent ed from keeping any kind of contact with their families. Thus, many lost their languages and cultural identity (Eades 2013). 5: The practice of removing the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island children existed right from the period of British colonization. A national enquiry revealed the fact that this practice has been carried with the aim of segregating Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island children from their unique culture and identity (Geia, Hayes and Usher 2013). Brad is also being isolated from his land, culture and community right from his childhood. Now he is under influence of drug and other health hazards. It is also evident that many Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island folks, like Brad, still live under poor socio-economic conditions including homelessness and poverty. All these factors together contributed poor physical health and depression of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island community (Gubhaju 2013). According to a study made by the National Health Survey, 29% of the adults in the in the risky zone of alcohol consumption (Hopkins, Taylor and Zubrick 2013). They are even prone to consump tion of drugs, which is also a cause for ill health as is the present state of Brad. 6: Connection with integrated family and culture, daily interaction between extended family members and cultural programs promoting their original identity are three different ways to provide these services to the Aboriginal community. The Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island children were removed forcefully from their families and land at an early age. Thus, providing facilities to these children so that they can spend more time with the members of their extended family help them to recognize their culture and tradition. In Australia, a growing number of children are under residential care. This is beneficial as it provides stability to the young and the children (Eades 2013). According to a census made by the Australian government the population of the Aboriginal society is increasing in each passing year. Aboriginal have a short life span. Aboriginals are more affected by aging because of their poor health. Planning to provide residential services to aged over 50 years is required. Many NGOs and other organization are trying to provide health and care support to the aged Aboriginals. Aboriginals give high respect to their elders. Hence, these elders can act as a key to reach and understand the Aboriginal culture. Providing service and helping them at their old age will diminish the gap between the Australians and the Aboriginal society. Residential care is also provided to the young people of the Aboriginal society. Targeted residential service is provided to the young generation of the Aboriginal society in accordance with their age. They were given education and training to join the work force, which will improve their social and psychological functionality. Indigenous society members need care for their extended family. The Aboriginals are usually very poor. The youth are often over-burdened with the family responsibility, which in turn might cause of mental and physical ill health. Including them in the work force and providing them with job will keep them engaged and keep them away from depression. 7: a) What has gone wrong: Accessible services are those that are available physically, economically affordable, and culturally acceptable. If the service provider that is Wings does not give respect and acknowledgement to the cultural factors and economic constraints, physical barriers would exist in providing the services to the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island community. Charging fees for the services provided prevent poor Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island folks and Brad from accessing the service (Johnson, Nguyen and Roco 2013). Economic and financial backwardness prevents them from accessing the service. Time constraint can also act as a barrier to provide service to Brad and other Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island tribe. Chronic and complicated problems requires more consultation time. This problem can also be enhanced by health illiteracy. A pure and highly structured programs accepted by Wings fails to acknowledge and show respect to the Indigenous culture and well-being. This acts as a barrier in providing service to Brad and other Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island people. Indigenous cultures are different from the non-Indigenous culture. Assuming that fluency in English implies good and effective communication often acts as a barrier to the service provider, Wings. The Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island including Brad have their own languages often are reluctant to accept any other language as their own. The service provider, Wings has ignored importance of kinship system in the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island society. This can act as a communication gap between Brad and other Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island folks. The Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island clan including Brad are strongly bonded with their family members and extended family members. Kinship system is a integral part of the Aboriginal society. Many Aboriginal had been moved to missionaries where they were not allowed to speak their own languages and follow their cultural practices. b) Why has it gone wrong: Studies have revealed that Indigenous health hazards are the effects of post colonization. Brad who is a part of the Aboriginal and Indigenous community is addicted to drug have different health hazards. Past injustice and adverse government policies often make the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander reluctant to avail the services provided by Wings. Forced removal of children, fear of relocation of families are the factors that prevent Brad from taking help from Wings. Shame and shyness also have negative impact on accepting services from Indigenous organizations like Wings. There are many causes for the feeling of shame. It sometimes originates from being singled out from the immediate society. Shame is often the chief reason behind the the Aboriginal and Indigenous folks and Brad in not attending specific health programs. Again shame from having talked down and subject to harsh behavior and judgments on different parental and child rearing practices, low self-esteem, and lack of confidence often prohibit them from getting the available services. Indigenous service providers also often fail to provide service to all without making any discrimination. It is evident that the number of non-indigenous clients is more than the number of indigenous clients. Shyness is also a factor that obstructs the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island people like Brad to access the services (Lowe and Yunkaporta 2013). The reluctance to interact with the service provider due to perceived social distance and difference in power between the service providers, Wings and Indigenous people, Brad often manifest into inhibition towards accessing the service. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people also suffered from sexual abuse and physical torture. They were also forced as domestic workers and laborers. Aboriginal and the Indigenous workers were also prevented from keeping any kind of contact with their families. Thus, many lost their languages and cultural identity. c) What needs to change: A wide range of strategies are under taken to improve and hence overcome the hindrance caused by different issues which prevents Brad and other the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island people to access the services. Thorough analyses of the factors could provide for an affirmative step. Physical availability, appropriateness, affordability and acceptability are some the factors that should be taken into account to improve and undertake positive steps towards accessibility of the services provided. Several authors attempts to find out the reasons that are need to be changed to increase the availability of the services. Only the physical presence does not assure that the health services are provided to the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island people, Brad. Economic backwardness and high cost related to the services provided often obstruct them from actually providing the service. Complicated and complex issues combined with high cost make the health services unaffordable (Maclean et al. 2013). Services provided should be non-discriminatory and comprehensive by nature. The degree of acceptability of the service often depends on the respect and acknowledgement of the culture of the community as a whole. The services provided by Wings are often culturally sensitive to the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island people and Brad. A cross-cultural miscommunication exists between the Indigenous clients and the service provider (Malaspinas 2016). Language and barriers to communication obstruct the Aboriginal client Brad from availing the services. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people also suffered from sexual abuse and physical torture. Power imbalance is another factor which needs to be changed. They were also forced as domestic workers and laborers. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander workers were also prevented from keeping any kind of contact with their families. d) How can it be changed: In the scenario of long-run effects of colonization, injustice in the past and societal racism, Wings need to take special measures to develop a culturally acceptable and secure service for Brad and other the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander. Some of the strategies like: Involving the Aboriginal community people in the framing and delivering of the services. Show respect to the Aboriginal relationships and gender biased behavior rules Undertake flexible and coordinated services. Design health oriented programs that are drafted by the Indigenous community and are appropriate to their culture Engage Indigenous staff in non-Indigenous activity Train a non-Indigenous staff in accordance to culture that prevailed in the Indigenous society. Specific health programs to serve the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health problems. Wings can provide culturally acceptable health services to the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island community (Markwick 2014). These programs generally run by the Indigenous communities are aimed at providing multi-disciplinary health services. Training the non-Indigenous and making them culturally compatible to the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island people will ensure better quality of the service provided. A non-Indigenous people require knowing about the imbalances that exist between a health professional and the client. Adopting cross-communication skills are also crucial for improving the services provided to the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island people. Flexible programs are more successful as they can attract people that are more indigenous. Indigenous societies have clear demarcation of gender to avoid interaction between males and females or between different groups/kin. Indigenous people refuse to accept the services, which breaches this rule. Hence, going by the gender p rotocol helps to improve the services provided to the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island community (McWhirter 2014). Trust and understanding are the fundamental pillars of making the services effective and accessible. Working with the elderly people in the Indigenous society is extremely important, as it is useful to build the level of trust. 8: a) Indigenous Australians have different cultural models, which includes language and communication. Evidence showed that health professional often fails to comprehend the language of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander. Hence, a communication gap exists. Direct eye contact is considered polite in the Western culture, but in Indigenous culture, it is interpreted as admonishing someone. The Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island people stay silent while in pain during treatment, as they were unable to comprehend fully the language of the non-Indigenous professional (Montagu 2013). Avoiding such situation will help the people from the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island society. In the Aboriginal and Torres Strait, society gives respect to the elders for their experience and wisdom. Elders are considered to have highest spiritual and cultural knowledge. These aged people of the Aboriginal society can only ensure that the services delivered are relevant culturally (Nguyen and Cairney 2013). Communication with these elders will help the non-Indigenous to understand the culture of the aboriginals. Arranging to serve the Aboriginals through flexible health oriented program will attract the Aboriginal community people to accept the services provided. More time is given while consulting with the Aboriginal clients having chronic health issues. This will help the service provider to understand the culture and characteristics of the Aboriginal society. b) Kinship is a fundamental feature of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait society. A child might not be living in the same address at the time of next appointment. Therefore, an Aboriginal should visit the kin to make sure that they have clearly understood the process of treatment. It is essential to understand the value of kin in the Aboriginal and Torres Strait society (Pickering 2014). Gender discrimination is given extreme importance in the Aboriginal and the Indigenous society. It involves about choosing the appropriate gender to discuss certain issues related to health. The Aboriginal and Torres Strait females feel it inappropriate to share health related issues to male non-Indigenous worker (Pillans and Fifield 2013). 9: a) Cultural safety is to fabricate an environment where the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island society can be provided health services in a culturally compatible manner. Cultural competent service is to maintain sensitive and efficacious health care behaviours. To improve the outcomes of the health service provided, Wings should be conscious about the direct and indirect impact of racism in the Aboriginal society (Sherwood 2013). To learn and gather knowledge about the customs and social behavoir of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait society is important to understand, as it would make Wings services culturally competent. b) Client participation is essential in providing service to the culturally Aboriginal society, as it would enhance the process of building trust and respect for their culture. To improve health services to the Aboriginal society, the staffs construct a level of trust. The Aboriginal society gives immense respect to their elders (Young et al. 2013). A link established through them can help the workers to make their services more acceptable. Involving the elders will also help Wings workers to better, understand the culture of the community. c) As an organization Wings has developed culturally compatible policies and methods while dealing with the Aboriginal and Torres Strait individuals. Wings has consulted with the Indigenous community representatives, leaders and service workers while fabricating strategies to enhance the service delivery. Wings incorporates cultural diversity among the staffs with culturally compatible policies and strategies (Montagu 2012). Wings also analyses the extent to which it can adopt and reflect the needs of the Aboriginal and the Torres Strait islanders. Wings has also incorporated the cultural knowledge in planning and delivery of their services. 10: The Aborigines and Torres Strait Island people suffer from extreme economic backwardness in the post colonization period. The rate of unemployment of the Aborigines and Torres Strait Island people has increased constantly since 1990s. Skill deficit, low level of education contributed to this low level of unemployment for long period. The rate of participation is also lower in case of Indigenous people. A long-term unemployment might lead to poor physical and mental health. Poverty is also associated with long run unemployment. Workers unemployed for a long time often tend to lose their skills. This makes them all the more difficult for them to re-enter the work force. Long run unemployment makes the Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders forget the skills they have acquired in the process. Employers, hence, tends to screen them against more skilled labour. Low level of education, outdated skills and skills related to declining industries all contributed to the long-term unemploym ent (Dudgeon, Milroy and Walker 2014). Long-term unemployment is one of the major reasons behind poverty and economic backwardness in the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island society. Specific and chronic diseases are also associated with long-run unemployment. Mental illness and depression are all effects of long-term unemployment. Depression often leads to addiction to drug and other substances. Unemployment also contributed to the alienation of a huge number of young adults. Social exclusion is an effect of long-run unemployment. Social exclusion in the form of police arrest and harassment, low social and civic engagement, high consumption rate of alcohol and drug are some of the impact shown by long run unemployment. Cultural aspects also play a vital role in eradicating poverty and unemployment in the Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders society. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people also suffered from sexual abuse and physical torture. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Isla nd workers were also prevented from keeping any kind of contact with their families (Beresford, Partington and Gower 2012). Thus, many lost their languages and cultural identity which in turn increases long-run unemployment. References: Attwood, B., Burrage, W., Burrage, A. and Stokie, E., 2015.A life together, a life apart: a history of relations between Europeans and Aborigines. Melbourne Univ. Publishing. Beresford, Q., Partington, G. and Gower, G. eds., 2012.Reform and resistance in Aboriginal education. Sussex Academic Press. Brimblecombe, J., Maypilama, E., Colles, S., Scarlett, M., Dhurrkay, J.G., Ritchie, J. and ODea, K., 2014. Factors influencing food choice in an Australian Aboriginal community.Qualitative health research, p.1049732314521901. Browne-Yung, K., Ziersch, A., Baum, F. and Gallaher, G., 2013. Aboriginal Australians' experience of social capital and its relevance to health and wellbeing in urban settings.Social Science Medicine,97, pp.20-28. Browne-Yung, K., Ziersch, A., and Gallaher, G., 2013. Aboriginal Australians' experience of social capital and its relevance to health and wellbeing in urban settings.Social Science Medicine,97, pp.20-28. Burridge, K., 2014.Encountering Aborigines: a case study: anthropology and the Australian Aboriginal. Elsevier. Clendinnen, I., 2012.Dancing with strangers: the true history of the meeting of the British first fleet and the Aboriginal Australians, 1788. Canongate Books. Dudgeon, P., Milroy, H. and Walker, R., 2014. Working together: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander mental health and wellbeing principles and practice.Pat. Dudgeon, P., and Walker, R., 2014. Working together: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander mental health and wellbeing principles and practice.Pat. Duthie, D., King, J. and Mays, J., 2014. Raising awareness of Australian Aboriginal peoples reality: Embedding Aboriginal knowledge in social work education through the use of field experiences.International Education Journal: Comparative Perspectives,12(1). Eades, D., 2013. Misunderstanding Aboriginal English: The role of sociocultural context.Aboriginal ways of using English, p.46. Geia, L.K., Hayes, B. and Usher, K., 2013. Yarning/Aboriginal storytelling: towards an understanding of an Indigenous perspective and its implications for research practice.Contemporary nurse,46(1), pp.13-17. Gubhaju, L., McNamara, B.J., Banks, E., Joshy, G., Raphael, B., Williamson, A. and Eades, S.J., 2013. The overall health and risk factor profile of Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander participants from the 45 and up study.BMC public health,13(1), p.1. Hopkins, K.D., Taylor, C.L. and Zubrick, S.R., 2013. The differential influence of contextual risks on psychosocial functioning and participation of Australian Aboriginal youth.American Journal of Orthopsychiatry,83(4), pp.459-471. Johnson, G.M., Oliver, R., Nguyen, T., Orr, B. and Roco, M., 2013, June. Cognition, literacy and mobile technology: A conceptual model of the benefits of smartphones for Aboriginal students in remote communities. InProceedings of World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2013(pp. 1273-1278). 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